Document Type
Article
Publication Date
12-1-2024
Journal / Book Title
Korean Journal of Medical History
Abstract
This paper examines Hildegard of Bingen’s embryological theory within the intricate landscape of medieval medicine and religion. It situates Hildegard’s understanding of conception within ongoing historical debates surrounding the roles of male and female reproductive substances, particularly the concept of seed or semen. By analyzing her conceptual framework against prevailing classical and medieval reproductive theories, the research illuminates Hildegard’s distinctive contribution to understanding conception as a holistic bodily process. Classical embryological discourse predominantly oscillated between Aristotle’s one-seed theory—which positioned men as sole generative agents—and Galen’s two-seed theory, which marginally acknowledged female reproductive participation. While technically aligning with Aristotelian principles by denying female semen, Hildegard diverged significantly by valorizing women’s reproductive agency. she argued that women produced a foam essential for new life, just as essential as the man’s semen. Also, the female reproductive body played a crucial role in purifying and nurturing the defective male semen, enabling conception. This conceptualization subtly challenged contemporary gender hierarchies, presenting reproduction as a complex, interdependent physiological mechanism with theological resonances, making the parallels of the woman’s reproduction and God’s creation. In conclusion, Hildegard’s embryological theory presents a sophisticated intellectual intervention that reimagined female reproductive potential within medieval scientific and religious frameworks.
DOI
10.13081/kjmh.2024.33.697
Journal ISSN / Book ISBN
85217240471 (Scopus)
MSU Digital Commons Citation
Lee, Minji, "Hildegard of Bingen’s Embryology: Enabling Women’s Reproductive Power without Seed" (2024). Department of Religion Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works. 17.
https://digitalcommons.montclair.edu/religion-facpubs/17
Published Citation
Lee, Minji. “Hildegard of Bingen’s Embryology: Enabling Women’s Reproductive Power without Seed.” Korean Journal of Medical History, vol. 33, no. 3, Dec. 2024, pp. 697–731.
Comments
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial 4.0 License which permits unrestricted noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.