Financial Barriers to Expanded Birth Center Access in New Jersey: A Qualitative Thematic Analysis
Document Type
Article
Publication Date
5-1-2025
Journal / Book Title
Journal of Midwifery and Women S Health
Abstract
Introduction: Birth centers are an underused care setting with potential to improve birth experience and satisfaction. Both hospital-based and freestanding birth centers operate with the midwifery model of care that focuses on safe, low-intervention physiologic birth experiences for healthy, low-risk pregnant people. However, financial barriers limit freestanding birth center sustainability and accessibility in New Jersey, especially for traditionally marginalized populations. This qualitative study explores the financial barriers faced by freestanding birth centers in order to expand access and choice for pregnant people in New Jersey. Methods: Semistructured interviews were conducted with participants from 4 sectors: (1) birth center or health system, (2) policy-adjacent philanthropy or research, (3) state departments, and (4) health insurance. Coding and analysis followed a reflexive thematic analysis process, resulting in the identification of 4 financial barriers to birth center access. Results: Facility Medicaid reimbursement rates are a primary barrier for birth centers, along with startup and operating costs and, more indirectly, low supply of midwives and low patient demand for birth center care. Discussion: New Jersey is well-positioned to enact critical policies and programs that can improve out-of-hospital birth center access, based on the findings and recommendations from this research. Other states can follow suit in pursuit of solutions to improve maternal health access and equitable birth center sustainability.
DOI
10.1111/jmwh.13732
MSU Digital Commons Citation
Ofrane, Rebecca H.; Rokicki, Slawa; Kantor, Leslie; and Blumenfeld, Julie, "Financial Barriers to Expanded Birth Center Access in New Jersey: A Qualitative Thematic Analysis" (2025). Department of Public Health Scholarship and Creative Works. 246.
https://digitalcommons.montclair.edu/public-health-facpubs/246
Rights
This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Published Citation
Ofrane, R. H., Rokicki, S., Kantor, L., & Blumenfeld, J. (2025). Financial barriers to expanded birth center access in New Jersey: a qualitative thematic analysis. Journal of midwifery & women's health.